Linux Community Magazine

On the Internet you will find a multitude of Web Hosting Providers offering different packages on different platforms, each touting why theirs is the best and why you should host with them. Windows is better than Linux, Linux is better than UNIX, UNIX is better than Windows. Just who do you believe? Which platform should you choose for your website? There is no straight answer to this question, since all of the above platforms have their merits. The trick of the matter is figuring out which platform is better for your websites own unique needs. Let's take a look at the three options available. The first is Windows. Microsoft has created their own web server software that runs in Windows, called Internet Information Server (IIS). This software allows people to create web pages using ASP/ASP.NET, in addition to standardized web languages such as PERL. Its strength lies in its compatibility. Using IIS and ASP, a windows programmer can leverage his/her knowledge and incorporat e windows COM objects and data access directly into their web application. MS Access and SQL Server are very easy to manipulate using ASP. The main drawback to this platform is price. If you run your own server, you will pay thousands of dollars in licensing fees just to get your server running, and additional fees if you want to also have a SQL database. Next web have UNIX. UNIX has been around for quite a long time, and is known to be a very stable operating system. Most variations of UNIX were designed to only run on certain hardware platforms. Security is another proven strongpoint of a UNIX system. The main drawback with a UNIX system is their flexibility in terms of potential features and enhancements you can add to enrich your website. Distributions such as FreeBSD and Open BSD are free. Finally, there is Linux. Linux is a derivative of UNIX which is much more flexible than its predecessor. It is based on the same basic architecture, and tends to be very stable and se cure. Linux can be run on a large variety of hardware, and is constantly being developed and improved. There are many distributions available, most of which can freely be downloaded from the Internet at no charge. PHP, one of the main staples of Internet Programming at the time of this writing, is currently BEST suited for the Linux platform. So the question remains which should you use? This depends completely on the requirements of your website, and the skill-set of your development team.

Many people who set out to find a hosting company for their websites are under the mistaken impression that they have to host their websites on the same software platform that they build them on. This is actually not true. Even if you prefer the more traditional Windows approach when creating your website, you can actually use Linux hosting just as easily. This type of option might, in fact, offer some advantages that you haven't yet thought of. Here are just a few of the advantages that you should consider when you're thinking about having your hosting services on Linux.

One of the main advantages of hosting through a Linux platform is that this platform tends to be more stable than that of Windows. Basically, this platform is set up to run in separate modules that bow to one another, so to speak, in a certain hierarchy. If one of the modules malfunctions, it can shut down without ruining the run time of the others. Basically this means that you can keep your website up and running even if not all the pieces are working together. With a Windows system, on the other hand, you might actually have to reboot the entire system, losing uptake on your website more often than with Linux.

Linux hosting may also be a more secure option for your website for now. One of the reasons for this is simply that Windows has been around longer and is more popular. Because more people use the older platform, more malware programs have been written to infiltrate it. There are more than 11,000 malware programs in existence for Windows, and it can't possibly combat every single one of them. There are only about 800 malware programs written for Linux, on the other hand, so it can be much safer.

Finally, Linux hosting solutions can be quite a bit cheaper than Windows hosting systems. This isn't always the case, so make sure that you do your research to find out exactly what you're doing. Sometimes the difference only works out to a few dollars a year, but if you're running a more complex operation and need a dedicated server or another expensive solution, you might be able to save hundreds of dollars a year on a Linux hosting service. This type of service isn't always better than Windows, but it does had its advantages that are worth looking into.

File system is the core component of any operating system, and Superblock is the most significant data structure for a Linux. Linux supports various files systems, which include Ext2, Ext3 and Ext4. Superblock comprises of numerous data structures, which are used by the file system manager for maintaining file system integrity. In case Superblock gets damaged, you can restore its duplicate copy to make the system accessible. Alternative Superblock is maintained by Linux operating system to prevent data loss and need of Linux recovery solutions.

As a practical example of Superblock corruption in Linux system, you may run across the below error message when you attempt to mount a Linux hard drive volume-

"read_super_block: can't find a reiserfs file system"

This error message renders your significant data inaccessible and lead to severe data loss. In order to retrieve your precious data, you need to identify the root of the problem and perform Data recovery Linux by fixing it.

Ground of the issueOne of the major reasons of this issue is Superblock corruption. You may face Superblock corruption due a wide range of reasons, which include- 1) Improper system shutdown 2) Hardware crash 3) Virus infection 4) Kernel bugs

SolutionTo sort out this problem of Linux system, try out any of the below methods-

* Run # reiserfsck --check /dev/sda1 command on the affected Linux hard drive volume. It checks Superblock corruption. * If the above command indicates Superblock corruption, then run # reiserfsck --rebuild-sb /dev/sda1 command. It rebuilds damaged Superblock. * Restore data from the most recent and valid backup. It is the most efficient solution to work around such problems.

When all else fail, Linux Recovery software come for your help. The applications are particularly designed to perform in-depth scan of whole hard drive and extract all missing, inaccessible, and deleted data from it.

If you're like most people, you're reading this sitting at a PC running Windows. However, you've probably heard of Macs and Linux. Or maybe you're a Mac or Linux user. Which of these three systems is the best one for you? This article helps you decide.

A PC running Microsoft Windows?

The majority of computers sold these days are PCs running Windows XP or Vista. By getting a Windows PC, you'll find a lot of hardware, software, support, and computer books available to you.

You'll also find that Windows is relatively easy to learn compared to Linux, and if you get stuck, you probably know a family member, friend or neighbour who's a Windows expert.

On the downside, Windows tends to attract a lot of viruses, spyware and other nasty software, so make sure you keep your anti-virus software up to date. It can have stability issues, too; be prepared to reinstall software, or maybe Windows itself, occasionally, to keep things running smoothly. You can also end up spending a lot of money on third-party software to get the functionality you need.

Windows is great for relative beginners, PC enthusiasts, computer game players, and folks who need a high level of compatibility with their work and friends' PCs.

An Apple Mac?

The second most popular setup after a Windows PC is an Apple Mac. Macs are different to PCs in that the system, Mac OS X, is tightly tied to the Mac hardware; you can't run Mac OS X on a PC (though you can run Windows and Linux on a Mac).

On the plus side, this tight integration means that Macs are generally very stable. You'll also find that Macs are very easy to learn for a beginner, though if you're used to Windows it'll take you a week or two to switch to Mac OS.

The bad news is that you're tied to Apple as a hardware supplier, and Apple's computers do tend to be a bit pricier than most PC equivalents, although the quality of the hardware and the relatively trouble-free running of Mac OS does help to offset the extra cost. As with Windows, prepare to spend some extra cash on third-party software, though Macs come with some great built-in software for jobs like photo editing and movie making.

Macs are perfect for absolute beginners, creative types, and people who want their computer to "just work" with a minimum of fuss.

A PC running Linux?

In recent years a third option has appeared for the home user: Linux. This versatile system can run on PCs, Macs and even mobile phones. While not as user-friendly as Windows or Mac OS, its ease of use and compatibility are improving constantly. Best of all, it's completely free, and there's a huge range of free software available for it, so it's a great choice if you're on a budget. Generally speaking, Linux tends to be more stable than Windows and doesn't carry such a risk of virus infection.

Linux comes in many different flavours, known as "distributions". A popular choice for home use is Ubuntu (/), which is just about the easiest to use Linux distribution out there. You download a CD image, burn a CD, pop it in and reboot. You can run Ubuntu straight off the CD, or install it onto your hard drive as well as, or instead of, your existing system.

The main problem with Linux is that not all peripherals - such as web cameras and printers - play nicely with it; however, peripheral support in Linux is much better than a few years ago.

Linux is a good choice if you're technically minded, you don't fancy forking out for a Mac, you like the idea of a vast range of totally free software, or you'd simply like to try something different.

At the end of the day, the best system for you is the one you feel most comfortable with and that also helps you get your stuff done easily. It's worth spending some time with all three setups if you can, then choosing the one that feels right for you.

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