Linux Community Magazine

Linux allows you to have one or more physical volumes on a single machine. Logical volumes can fit completely on physical volumes, even though you never unequivocally create them as adjacent. A logical volume could take part of all physical volumes. Sometimes, due to hardware failure, software malfunction and other reasons, one or more of your physical volumes may go bad and you have to replace them with new ones. In this process, if you do not have proper data backup, you will need disaster recovery skills to carry out Data Recovery. After adding new physical volume to volume group, when you reboot your system, Linux may put you in root maintenance shell if your logical volumes are not detectable by boot loader. When you use 'pvscan' to find out the volumes, you may get following error messages:"Missing UUID"and"PV unknown device"However, pvscan shows that all other physical volumes are intact. Only the replaced volume is unusable. Pvscan is a Linux command line utility t hat is used to scan all of the supported block devices in system for physical volumes. In this case, when you use fdisk, it shows that there is no partition table on the specified hard drive. In such situations, you can not boot your system and thus can not access the data stored on it. The whole behavior of your Linux system results into serious loss of critical data and put you in need of Linux Data Recovery. Linux Data Recovery is the process of retrieving lost, missing or inaccessible hard drive volumes and data from them. An absolute and quick Linux Recovery needs a powerful and highly developed Linux Recovery software such as Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery. Phoenix Linux Recovery is an easy to use yet powerful application to ensure complete extraction of all your precious data. The read-only and non-destructive design of this robust Linux Data Recovery software performs precise Data Recovery Linux. It supports recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system ba sed Linux volumes.

When you run fsck on your Linux file system's physical volume, sometimes you may encounter certain error messages. These error messages prevent you from accessing data from a particular volume. In such situations, technical experts recommend to use 'pacman' tool to upgrade the kernel and reboot your system to complete the operation. Pacman is a Linux tool that is used to manage the applications. It uses simple files in package format and organizes text-based package database. It is useful in adding, removing and upgrading packages in Linux system. After updating the kernel, when you attempt to reboot the system, sometimes your system may get stuck during the boot process. In place of loading GRUB (Grand Unified Boot loader) and booting, your system just tries to process the required information, showing "loading GRUB" message. In such situations, when you try to boot your system using floppy disk, you may encounter the following error message:"ERROR: (device hda1): X_GETPA GE: xtree page corrupt ERROR: (device hda1): XT_GETPAGE: xtree page corrupt"After this behavior, when you again run fsck, you encounter the following error message:"Errors detected in Primary File/Directory Allocation Table.File system object FF65726 linked as: /var/run/random-seed File claims cross linked block(s). Cannot repair FF65726."Subsequent execution of fsck also detects several errors but fails to fix them.CauseThis problem generally occurs due to corrupted GRUB or file system of your Linux system. In both of these situations, to carry out Linux Recovery, you need to format your hard drive and install fresh copy of both these data structures. Formatting may delete all of your stored data from hard drive and you need to go for third party Linux Recovery tools to get Linux Recovery done. These tools are very powerful and are able to perform Data Recovery Linux i all situations of data loss.Stellar Information Systems Limited, the leading data recovery company globall y, provides Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery. It is the finest and most promising Linux Recovery software. It supportsLinux Data Recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system based volumes. Phoenix Linux Recovery is compatible with most of Linux distributions.

In a Linux computer, the file system is metadata that is used for organizing and managing data that is stored on the hard drive. The file system ensures integrity of data. Along with storing data files, the file system also holds and manages important information about files, directories and file system itself (such as date and time stamp, access permission, ownership, file size, storage location and so forth). Since the file system attempts to work as asynchronous as possible, for avoiding the hard drive bottleneck, any interruption of this process may result into severe data loss. For example, consider this case: What happens when your Linux computer crashes while working on a large file that is stored on a Linux file system based hard drive? There may be various options:If the machine crashes after saving the file, you do not lose anything. Just restart your computer and you should be able to access it normally. If the machine crashes before you save the file, you lose all your changes to the file but the data that was already in it remains intact. If the computer crashes while writing data to the hard drive, the file becomes totally unusable. Your application can not open this file and thus you can not access the data. If the machine crashes while your drive is writing to the metadata areas like the directory itself, your file system gets corrupted and you lose all your data on that particular drive volume. To fix such scenarios Linux provides an inbuilt utility, known as fsck. It checks the file system integrity and can fix it in several cases. But this tool is not helpful in case of large file systems. It requires considerable time to perform the check on larger Linux volumes. In such situations, it becomes extremely significant to perform Linux Data Recovery to get your data back. It is the process of retrieving lost data and can easily be performed using powerful linux recovery softwae such as Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery. Phoe nix Data Recovery Linux is a commanding tool that ensures efficient Linux Data Recovery in the majority of data loss situations. It supports Linux Recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system volumes. Thislinux data recovery tool is compatible with SUSE, Red Hat, Kubuntu and several other Linux distributions.

Though Linux is among the safest and the most reliable computer operating systems that are available today and it is designed to provide high stability, but data might also get lost from Linux systems. Data loss is an unforeseen situation that may cause damage to valuable files and settings on any platform.The Linux data loss generally occurs as a result of user mistakes, but it could also occur due to system issues like file system corruption, operating system failure, disk failures and more. To avoid these situations, it is a good idea to make extra copy of your important and sensitive data. In Linux, you can use the following methods to backup your data and prevent data loss:Archiving with tar: In this process you need to collect the data that you want to backup and then compress it. This process includes concatenating all the list files and removing unnecessary blank spaces. It is done using tar command that can be used to backup data on any storage device. Incremental backup with tar: Tar command allows you to create incremental backup with N parameter. Using this parameter, you can give a date and tar command would check the modification time of all the files against this date. If the files are modified more recently than the given date, they would be included in backup. Compressing with Gzip: You can compress and backup your important Linux data using the Gzip tool. It would add suffix.gz to file name and delete the original file. You can uncompress these files using d option. Though all these methods are good to backup your data and avoid data loss situations, but the archives made with proprietary tar version may be incompatible with another version on another system. It may prevent you from recovering your data from tar files and require Data Recovery Linux to handle the situation. Linux Data Recovery is best possible using powerful Linux Recovery software such as Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery. It is designed to perform Linux Recovery from Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file system volumes. Phoenix Data Recovery Linux tool can perform easy, effective and safe Linux Recovery from Red Hat, Debian, SUSE, Kubuntu and several other Linux distributions.

GCC or GNU Compiler Collection is often the compiler of choice for developing software that is required to execute on a wide variety of hardware. Differences in close compilers lead to difficulties in developing code that will compile correctly on all the compilers and build scripts that will run for all the platforms. It is the key component of GNU tool chain as well as the official compiler of all GNU Linux systems.

GCC's external interface is generally standard for a UNIX compiler. The GCC has been used in a wide variety of computer architectures, and is extensively deployed as a tool in proprietary, commercial and closed source systems. Now it is the standard compilers for GNU Linux based systems and convert source code to machine code and execute it for booting the systems.

GCC is the most important part of a Linux based computer and is required for successful booting of the system. It happens with some users that when they attempt to start their Linux computer, the GCC might fail to initialize they face the following error message:

Internal compiler error

Cause of the problem

It is possible that the GCC is corrupted; buggy or the user has an old version of it. The problem might also occur if the operating system is not able to swap effectively.

In any of the above cases the final result is inaccessibility of the data and ultimately the data loss. There is no need to mention the importance of data if it is required for some business.

Solution

To resolve this problem one needs to install a fresh copy of GCC, which is possible by reinstalling the operating system. Though, the operating system reinstallation solves all the issues, but there could be a big threat to our precious data because formatting of the primary partition of your hard drive and it can remove all of the data stored on it.

To handle such a critical situation the user need to perform Linux data recovery to retrieve all of his precious data. The data recovery Linux is possible through powerful Linux recovery software.

Stellar Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is one such powerful and the highly developed data recovery Linux software offered by Stellar Information Systems Ltd. This software is one of the most commanding and is capable of performing Linux recovery in each and every case of data loss.

This data recovery Linux software is user friendly, with its interactive and cool user interface, and thus does not demand any sound technical knowledge to carry out Linux recovery. The Phoenix Linux Data Recovery is applicable to all flavors of Linux operating system based on Ext2, Ext3 and ReiserFS file systems.